ADVANCED CLINICAL TRACK ROTATIONS FOR CA-3 RESIDENTS
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AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA
NEUROANESTHESIA
OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA
PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA
TRANSITION TO PRACTICE ROTATION (3 months - Required CA-3 level Rotation)

Rotation: Ambulatory Anesthesia - Advanced Clinical Track 
Type: CA-3 Elective 
Duration: 1 month
Faculty:  F. Kayser Enneking, MD

Prerequisite: The advanced curriculum compliments the complex clinical anesthesia assignments that the ABA categorizes as "Advanced Anesthesia Training" and would be limited to the CA3 trainee. 

In addition to the core goals and objectives, the following activities are designed for CA3 residents to foster and develop interest in ambulatory anesthesia: 

1. Completely read one textbook on ambulatory anesthesia. 
2. Prepare and present a case or cases related to ambulatory anesthesia in the departments case conference. 
3. Participate in an ambulatory anesthesia journal discussion. 
4. Prepare a talk or a lecture on a specific topic related to ambulatory anesthesia. 
5. Select chapters and relevant topics from Wetchler's Anesthesia for Ambulatory Surgery, and White's Outpatient Anesthesia. 
6. Observe or practice ambulatory anesthesia in a free-standing facility as well as in a hospital-based facility. 

CA-3 residents will be given more independence in deciding anesthetic approaches to the ambulatory patients under his or her care.  In addition, they will have greater responsibilities in the preoperative evaluation of ambulatory patients and in any decisions as to whether the patient is an appropriate candidate for ambulatory surgery. CA-3 residents will be given preference for the more challenging pediatric cases and for the adult patients appropriate for regional anesthesia. The faculty member responsible for these rotations is Dr. Enneking. 

Rotation: Neuroanesthesia - Advanced Clinical Track 
Type: Elective 
Duration: 1 month
Faculty:  Michael E. Mahla, MD

Prerequisites: Successful completion of clinical base year, CA-1 and CA-2 years. 

Residents doing an Advanced Clinical Track during their CA-3 year may elect to do additional months of neuroanesthesia beyond those completed during their CA-2 year. 

Goals: In addition to those outlined for the basic rotation in Neuroanesthesiology:

A. Expand the knowledge base with regards to CNS physiology and pharmacology and 
pathophysiology developed during CA-1 and CA-2 years. 
B. Develop clinical judgement to provide anesthetic care for more complex neurosurgical procedures. 
C. Develop technical skills necessary to conduct more complex neurosurgical cases. 

Objectives: In addition to those outlined for the basic rotation in Neuroanesthesiology:

A. Be able to complete a thorough preoperative evaluation for all neurosurgical patients, 
recognizing impact of neurologic disease state on perioperative management. For routine neurosurgical procedures, accomplish preoperative preparation independently, and for complex procedures with assistance from attending neuroanesthesiologist. 
B. Plan and carry out anesthetics for routine neurosurgical procedures with minimal assistance from the neuroanesthesia attending physician. 
C. Perform anesthetics for complex neurosurgical procedures with assistance from the attending neuroanesthesiologist. 
D. Perform all invasive monitoring techniques and interpret information obtained reliably. 
E. Understand impact of neurophysiologic monitoring on perioperative course. 

Evaluation 
1. Perioperative care of each patient will be discussed daily with attending neuroanesthesiologist. 
2. At the end of the month rotation, the neuroanesthesiology group will meet to evaluate overall performance. The results of this evaluation will be explained to you in a letter. 
3. Neuroanesthesiology attendings will complete Departmental Resident Evaluation Forms. 
4. You will complete a Departmental Rotation Evaluation Form. 
5. Dr. Mahla is the faculty member responsible for these rotations. 
 

Resources: As described in basic Neuroanesthesiology Rotation 

ROTATION: Obstetric Anesthesia, Advanced Clinical Track 
TYPE: Elective 
DURATION: 1, 2, or 3 months
FACULTY:  Michael Froelich, MD 

PREREQUISITES: Completion of clinical base year, CA1 and CA2 years 

One to three months of additional experience in OB anesthesia is available to the CA3 resident. A resident may take up to 3 months of the obstetric anesthesia curriculum and combine that with other advanced rotations to make up the advanced clinical track program. 

I. Goals: In addition to those outlined for the basic rotation in Obstetric Anesthesia, the resident will: 

A. Develop a body of knowledge built on but beyond that learned in the CA1 and CA2 rotations. In particular we will emphasize the physiological basis of obstetric anesthesia. 
B. Develop technical skills and judgment which lead to more independent conduct of complex obstetric cases. 

II. Objectives: In addition to those outlined for the basic rotation in Obstetric Anesthesia, the resident will: 

A. Independently perform a preoperative evaluation, anesthetize, and care for postoperatively an ASA I obstetric patient for a surgical procedure such as an exploratory laparotomy. 
B. Understand the physiology of complex obstetrical problems, such as a pregnant patient with severe preeclampsia, with minimal intervention by the attending anesthesiologist. 
C. Understand and administer neuroaxial blocks for regional anesthesia and/or postoperative pain. 
D. Demonstrate competence in use of the fiberoptic bronchoscope in the obstetric difficult airway. 

III. Evaluation to Determine Goal Achievement:

1. The faculty will evaluate the weekly. The attending physicians complete a Departmental Resident Evaluation Form, which will be reviewed by the Clinical Competence Committee. The senior attending on the service will inform the resident of any problem. Serious problems will be discussed when they occur. 
2. Understand and coordinate the medical care of ASA III or IV patients obstetric patient. This will include choice and use of monitors appropriate to the medical situation. 
3. The resident will complete a Departmental Rotation Evaluation Form. 
4. Dr. Froelich is the faculty member responsible for these rotations. 

IV. Resources Beyond Those Noted in the Goals and Objectives for the CA1 & CA2 Guidelines: 

In collaboration with the anesthesia attending, the CA3 resident will serve as the anesthesia consultant for high risk obstetric patients. Responsibilities will include: evaluation of the patient, researching the condition, writing an appropriate consultation note and conferring with appropriate representative of obstetric and nursing staff. The resident will also take primary initive for arrangements for appropriate post operative/delivery care in collaboration with physicians and nursing staff of the SICU. 

ROTATION: PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA - Advanced Clinical Track (Includes Nemours Childrens' Hospital) 
TYPE: ELECTIVE 
DURATION: 1-3 MONTHS
FACULTY:  Sno White, MD

PREREQUISITES: Completion of Clinical Base Year, CA-1 and 2 years 

Any resident in the CA3 year who has successfully completed the pediatric curriculum of the CA-1 and 2 rotations may elect to take additional rotations in pediatric anesthesia. The number of rotations available varies from year to year depending on the total number of residents and the number taking the subspecialist clinical track. The rotations will be granted based on the resident lottery. Currently these rotations occur at Shands and Nemours Children's Hospital in Jacksonville. 

I. GOALS: 
A. Develop a body of knowledge based on but exceeding that learned in the CA-l and 2 rotations. 
B. Improve ones technical skills in administering an anesthetic and placing invasive monitors. 
C. Anesthetize patients for more complex procedures than during the beginning pediatric anesthesia rotations. 

II. OBJECTIVES: 
A. Be able, at the end of the rotation, to conduct an anesthetic for a pediatric patient > 1 year with minimal intervention from an attending. 
B. Place arterial and central venous lines in an infant with minimal intervention from an attending. 
C. Understand and administer neuroaxial blocks for regional anesthesia and/or postoperative pain. 

III. Evaluation to Determine Goal Achievement 
1. You are evaluated every week by all attendings who worked with you. The attending physicians complete a Departmental Resident Evaluation Form, which is reviewed by the Clinical Competence Committee. Your advisor informs you of any problems identified, and serious problems will be discussed with you immediately after they occur. You will also be specifically evaluated by the Director of Pediatric Anesthesia and the results of your evaluation will be discussed with you. In addition to this formal process you should expect daily feedback from the attending with whom you work. 
2. You will complete a Departmental Rotation Evaluation Form. 
3. Dr. White is the faculty member responsible for these rotations. 

IV. Resources to Accomplish Above Goals and Objectives (see Pediatric Anesthesia Rotation)

The person responsible for each of these rotations is the same as the person responsible for the CORE rotation.

ROTATION: TRANSITION TO PRACTICE
TYPE: REQUIRED
DURATION: 3 months (1 month during academic year 2003-4 pilot project)
FACULTY:  Jennie Mace, MD (coordinator) plus the following participating faculty:  Michael Good, MD,
                       Nikolaus Gravenstein, MD, David Bjoraker, MD, Dietrich Gravenstein, MD, David Mackey, MD,
                       Michael Mahla, MD, Sno White, MD (there may be others on occasion).  In addition, Mr. Michael
                       Nyland, our Associate Director for Medical and Health Administration will play a key role in
                       the billing and coding portion of the educational program.

PREREQUISITES: Completion of Clinical Base Year, CA-1 and CA-2 years and approval of Dr. Mace

I. GOALS:
The Transition to Practice rotation is a 3-month rotation in the CA-3 year that will closely simulate a private practice environment.  Four operating rooms in the Shands OR suite will be designated each day to be assigned to residents working in this rotation.  Five residents will be assigned to this rotation for a three month period.  They will form a Private Anesthesiology Group that will be tasked with the following:

  • Clinical coverage of the four transition to practice operating rooms
  • Improve clinical, work flow and time management skills to become a maximally efficient and competent anesthesiology clinician
  • Management of their own work schedules, including late coverage of these operating rooms each day
  • Learning to appropriately bill and code for all anesthesiology services provided in these operating rooms
  • Learn to manage case flow in these four rooms to get the most productivity in the least time
  • Learn to interface with other health care personnel to produce the most competent, caring, and efficient operating room unit possible

The five residents assigned to this rotation will form their own private practice group and develop a group administration (i.e. president and financial officer).  They will manage their own daily work schedule and clinical assignments to the four operating rooms designated for this rotation.  ONE resident from the group at a time may be on vacation or assigned to the night float team.  No additional  vacation / leave / or night float time will be permitted from this rotation.  In general, it will be expected that at least 4 residents will be available for this rotation each day.    On days when one resident from the group is not available, a CRNA or AA will be assigned to one of the rooms.  One resident from the group will be assigned each day as the floor runner.  This resident will manage all case flow in the four rooms assigned to this rotation.  This resident will also be responsible for preoperative preparation and postoperative care for all patients in these four rooms.  In addition, if there is a CRNA / AA assigned to the group on a particular day, the floor runner will be responsible for working with that practitioner to develop and implement anesthetic plans with only observational input from the faculty member covering the room.  Finally, this resident, along with the faculty, will be responsible for giving breaks as needed to each practitioner. 

II. OBJECTIVES:

  1. Quality Practice:  The resident will independently develop and implement safe and appropriate anesthetic plans for each case assigned in his / her room.  The resident will implement the plans for induction, maintenance and emergence with only observational involvement from attending anesthesiologists.  Anesthesiology attendings will only intervene in the management of these cases when medically necessary – residents will remain responsible for communication about ongoing medical / surgical issues with attending anesthesiologists as always.  These cases will not be used for teaching new techniques.  Anesthesiology residents in this rotation will be CA-3 residents only who are thought to be ready to transition to practice.  First and second year residents are not eligible for this rotation. 
  2. Efficiency: 
    1. The first patient should be on the operating room table by 0730 with all paperwork complete.  The anesthesiology resident must make certain that appropriate preoperative evaluation and counseling have occurred.  The nursing staff must assure that all other paperwork is completed in time to meet this goal.
    2. For routine ASA I and II patients, the resident will be able to induce anesthesia and turn over the case for surgical activity in 10 minutes or less from the time the patient is placed on the operating room table.  More complex cases may take somewhat longer, but the goal should be 10 minutes.
    3. The patient should emerge promptly from anesthesia, and transport to the recovery area should occur in less than 10 minutes from the application of the dressing.
    4. Turnover time from leaving the OR to the next patient on the table ready for induction should be no more than 20 minutes.
    5. In the case where the resident is not efficient or appropriately moving along, the anesthesiology attending will intervene and speed things up.  The goal will be to have such interactions disappear by the end of the rotation. 
  3. Coding / billing:  The resident on this rotation should learn to properly code and bill for all procedures performed in the transition to practice room.  Each resident will meet with Mr. Nyland for an orientation to billing and coding.  In addition, they will be provided with specific reading material they will be expected to learn during the rotation.  The floor runner each day will be responsible for assuring proper billing / coding in each room and will meet with billing / coding personnel to assure optimal coding that is fully Medicare compliant. 

III.  EVALUATION TO DETERMINE GOAL ACHIEVEMENT

  1. You are evaluated every week by all attendings who worked with you. The attending physicians complete a Departmental Resident Evaluation Form, which is reviewed by the Clinical Competence Committee. Your advisor informs you of any problems identified, and serious problems will be discussed with you immediately after they occur. You will also be specifically evaluated by the Dr. Mace and the results of your evaluation will be discussed with you.
  2. Each GROUP of residents assigned to this rotation will also be evaluated in the following areas:
    1. Ability to work together to accomplish daily work tasks in a competent and efficient fashion
    2. Ability to work with other health care personnel
    3. Ability to appropriately code and bill for all services provided
    4. Evaluative input in these areas will be provided by OR nurses, scrub technicians, anesthesiology technicians, preop area / recovery personnel, billing / coding personnel, and Mr. Michael Nyland
  3. Each GROUP will be evaluated for productivity (to be defined), and the most productive group during the academic year will be publicly acknowledged and rewarded at graduation.   

IV.  Resources available to accomplish the above Goals and Objectives (see General Shands Operating Room Rotation)

  1. In addition, the following reading material on billing / coding is available for residents on this rotation:
    1. (PENDING - TBA)
  2. Semo JJ, Esq.  Starting out:  A Practice Management Guide for Anesthesiology Residents.  The American Society of Anesthesiologists, 2001.
  3. Systems Based Practice Section of the Classic Articles Library
  4. Health Care Systems Section of the Classic Articles Library

RETURN TO INDEX FOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Revised 6/25/02